/* Editorial design (study 4, approved 23 October 2026): research/design-directions/editorial-study-2026-10-23/.
   Shared masthead and footer on every reference page; the full article layout on deep dives (body.ed).
   Tokens are prefixed --e- and classes e- so they never collide with style.css.
   Motion lives only under html.motion (set in <head> when the reader allows motion; editorial.js drives the fallback).
   Without JS, with reduced motion and in full-page captures every page is a static, fully lit layout. */

@font-face{font-family:"Instrument Serif";src:url(/assets/brand/instrument-serif.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}
@font-face{font-family:"Instrument Serif";src:url(/assets/brand/instrument-serif-italic.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}
@font-face{font-family:"Mona Sans";src:url(/assets/brand/mona-sans.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:200 900;font-stretch:75% 125%;font-display:swap}

/* ===================================================================== tokens */
:root{
  /* contrast on --e-paper: ink 14.7:1, muted 6.8:1, faint 5.2:1, link 8.1:1, unlit 3.1:1 (large text, motion only) */
  --e-paper:#f6f8fa; --e-paper-hi:#ffffff; --e-paper-lo:#edf2f6;
  --e-ink:#0f2537; --e-muted:#44596c; --e-faint:#566b7e; --e-unlit:#7d8fa1;
  --e-link:#1d4f74; --e-rule:#d3dde6; --e-rule-strong:#b7c6d3; --e-focus:#1f5f8f; --e-select:#cfe0ee;
  --e-metal-0:#ffffff; --e-metal-1:#e8eef3; --e-metal-2:#c9d6e1; --e-metal-3:#94aabd; --e-metal-4:#5d7790;
  --e-sheen:rgba(255,255,255,.95); --e-shaft:rgba(255,255,255,.75); --e-shaft-edge:rgba(214,226,236,0);
  --e-glint:#ffffff; --e-glint-halo:rgba(170,200,226,.55); --e-glint-ink:#5f7d97; --e-glint-ink-halo:rgba(95,125,151,.3);
  --e-warn:#8a3b22;
  --e-serif:"Instrument Serif",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --e-sans:"Mona Sans",system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;
  --e-t-statement:clamp(40px,6.2vw,100px);
  --e-t-h2:clamp(40px,5vw,80px);
  --e-t-h3:clamp(28px,2.7vw,42px);
  --e-t-body:clamp(17px,1.25vw,19px);
  --e-t-small:14px; --e-t-micro:12.5px;
  --e-max:1440px;
  --e-gutter:clamp(20px,5.6vw,96px);
  --e-col-gap:clamp(14px,2.2vw,32px);
  --e-s-4:40px; --e-s-5:64px; --e-s-6:clamp(80px,9vw,128px); --e-s-7:clamp(112px,14vw,208px);
  --e-measure:34rem;
  --e-ease:cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.1,1);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]){
  --e-paper:#0a141e; --e-paper-hi:#0f1c29; --e-paper-lo:#0d1925;
  --e-ink:#e6eef5; --e-muted:#b0c2d1; --e-faint:#8fa5b8; --e-unlit:#5a7084;
  --e-link:#a8d0ee; --e-rule:#1e3245; --e-rule-strong:#2d465c; --e-focus:#8cc8f2; --e-select:#22445f;
  --e-metal-0:#dfe9f2; --e-metal-1:#16283a; --e-metal-2:#2b4359; --e-metal-3:#6d89a3; --e-metal-4:#a9c3d9;
  --e-sheen:rgba(214,234,250,.9); --e-shaft:rgba(160,196,226,.16); --e-shaft-edge:rgba(160,196,226,0);
  --e-glint:#f4fbff; --e-glint-halo:rgba(130,180,222,.45); --e-glint-ink:#eaf5ff; --e-glint-ink-halo:rgba(130,180,222,.55);
  --e-warn:#f0b49e}}
:root[data-theme="dark"]{
  --e-paper:#0a141e; --e-paper-hi:#0f1c29; --e-paper-lo:#0d1925;
  --e-ink:#e6eef5; --e-muted:#b0c2d1; --e-faint:#8fa5b8; --e-unlit:#5a7084;
  --e-link:#a8d0ee; --e-rule:#1e3245; --e-rule-strong:#2d465c; --e-focus:#8cc8f2; --e-select:#22445f;
  --e-metal-0:#dfe9f2; --e-metal-1:#16283a; --e-metal-2:#2b4359; --e-metal-3:#6d89a3; --e-metal-4:#a9c3d9;
  --e-sheen:rgba(214,234,250,.9); --e-shaft:rgba(160,196,226,.16); --e-shaft-edge:rgba(160,196,226,0);
  --e-glint:#f4fbff; --e-glint-halo:rgba(130,180,222,.45); --e-glint-ink:#eaf5ff; --e-glint-ink-halo:rgba(130,180,222,.55);
  --e-warn:#f0b49e}

/* registered numbers that every scroll effect reads */
@property --e-p{syntax:"<number>";inherits:true;initial-value:.5}
@property --e-sp{syntax:"<number>";inherits:true;initial-value:0}
@property --e-ap{syntax:"<number>";inherits:true;initial-value:0}
@property --e-read{syntax:"<number>";inherits:true;initial-value:0}

/* ===================================================================== shared pieces */
.e-wrap{max-width:var(--e-max);margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:var(--e-gutter);box-sizing:border-box}
.e-g{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:var(--e-col-gap)}
.e-g>*{min-width:0}
@media (max-width:900px){.e-g{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr))}.e-g>*{grid-column:1/-1!important}}
.e-glint{display:inline-block;width:.42em;height:.54em;color:var(--e-glint-ink);vertical-align:.05em;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 .14em var(--e-glint-ink-halo))}
.e-glint svg{width:100%;height:100%;display:block;overflow:visible}
.e-nw{white-space:nowrap}
.e-nw>.e-glint{margin-left:.04em;margin-right:-.34em;vertical-align:.42em}
.e-defs{position:absolute;width:0;height:0;overflow:hidden}

/* ===================================================================== masthead (all reference pages) */
:root:root .e-mast{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--e-paper) 88%,transparent);
  backdrop-filter:saturate(1.2) blur(10px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:saturate(1.2) blur(10px);font-family:var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root .e-mast-in{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;height:76px}
:root:root .e-wordmark{display:block;line-height:0}
:root:root .e-mast img,:root:root .e-foot img{filter:none!important}
:root:root .e-wordmark img{display:block;height:24px;width:auto}
:root:root .e-wordmark .on-dark,:root:root .e-foot .on-dark{display:none}
:root:root[data-theme="dark"] .e-wordmark .on-light,:root:root[data-theme="dark"] .e-foot .on-light{display:none}
:root:root[data-theme="dark"] .e-wordmark .on-dark,:root:root[data-theme="dark"] .e-foot .on-dark{display:block}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){
  :root:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .e-wordmark .on-light,:root:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .e-foot .on-light{display:none}
  :root:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .e-wordmark .on-dark,:root:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .e-foot .on-dark{display:block}}
:root:root .e-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:clamp(18px,2.4vw,40px);font:400 14px/1.4 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.01em}
:root:root .e-nav a{color:var(--e-ink);text-decoration:none;padding:8px 0;position:relative;border:0}
:root:root .e-nav a::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:2px;height:1px;background:currentColor;transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .5s var(--e-ease)}
:root:root .e-nav a:hover::after,:root:root .e-nav a[aria-current]::after{transform:scaleX(1)}
:root:root .e-nav a[aria-current]::after{background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--e-metal-3),var(--e-ink) 40%,var(--e-ink))}
:root:root .e-nav .e-meta{display:flex;gap:18px;align-items:center;padding-left:clamp(14px,1.8vw,28px);border-left:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
:root:root .e-nav .e-meta a,:root:root .e-theme-btn{color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root .e-theme-btn{appearance:none;background:none;border:0;font:inherit;cursor:pointer;padding:8px 0;min-height:0}
:root:root .e-menu-btn{display:none;appearance:none;background:none;border:0;color:var(--e-ink);font:500 15px/1 var(--e-sans);padding:12px 0 12px 12px;cursor:pointer}
:root:root .e-mast :focus-visible,:root:root .e-foot :focus-visible,:root:root body.ed main :focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--e-focus);outline-offset:4px;border-radius:2px}
:root:root .e-progress{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;height:1px;background:var(--e-rule)}
:root:root .e-progress i{position:absolute;inset:0;transform-origin:left;transform:scaleX(0);background:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent,var(--e-metal-3) 60%,var(--e-sheen))}
:root:root.motion .e-progress i{transform:scaleX(var(--e-read,0))}
@media (max-width:900px){
  :root:root .e-mast-in{height:64px}
  :root:root .e-menu-btn{display:block}
  :root:root .e-nav{display:none}
  :root:root .e-mast.menu-open .e-nav{display:flex;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:64px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:2px;background:var(--e-paper);
    padding:12px var(--e-gutter) 28px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--e-rule);font-size:20px}
  :root:root .e-mast.menu-open .e-nav .e-meta{border:0;padding:16px 0 0;font-size:16px}
  :root:root .e-wordmark img{height:20px}
}
/* the reference's own sections, one quiet row under the masthead on pages other than deep dives */
:root:root .e-subnav{border-bottom:1px solid var(--e-rule);background:var(--e-paper);font:400 13.5px/1.3 var(--e-sans)}
:root:root .e-subnav .e-wrap{display:flex;gap:6px 22px;align-items:center;overflow-x:auto;padding-block:10px;scrollbar-width:none}
:root:root .e-subnav b{font-weight:500;color:var(--e-faint);white-space:nowrap}
:root:root .e-subnav a{color:var(--e-muted);text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap;padding:4px 0}
:root:root .e-subnav a[aria-current]{color:var(--e-ink);box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 var(--e-ink)}
:root:root .e-subnav a:hover{color:var(--e-ink)}

/* ===================================================================== footer (all reference pages) */
:root:root .e-foot{border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);padding-block:var(--e-s-5) 96px;font:400 var(--e-t-small)/1.55 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-muted);background:var(--e-paper)}
:root:root .e-foot .e-g{row-gap:28px}
:root:root .e-foot p{margin:0}
:root:root .e-foot a{color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root .e-foot a:hover{color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root .e-foot b{display:block;font-weight:500;color:var(--e-ink);margin-bottom:6px}
:root:root .e-foot .e-who{grid-column:1/5}
:root:root .e-foot .e-who img{height:20px;width:auto;margin-bottom:16px}
:root:root .e-foot .e-who p+p{margin-top:4px}
:root:root .e-foot .e-ref{grid-column:5/9;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:6px 20px;align-content:start}
:root:root .e-foot .e-ref b{grid-column:1/-1}
:root:root .e-foot .e-legal{grid-column:9/11;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px}
:root:root .e-foot .e-colophon{grid-column:11/13}
@media (max-width:1100px){.e-foot .e-who{grid-column:1/7}.e-foot .e-ref{grid-column:7/13}.e-foot .e-legal{grid-column:1/5}.e-foot .e-colophon{grid-column:5/13}}

/* ===================================================================== deep dive: the page */
body.ed{background:var(--e-paper);color:var(--e-ink);font:400 var(--e-t-body)/1.64 var(--e-sans);font-stretch:97%;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow-x:clip}
body.ed main{max-width:none;margin:0;padding:0;overflow-x:clip}
:root:root body.ed ::selection{background:var(--e-select)}
:root:root body.ed main a{color:var(--e-link);text-decoration-line:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:.26em;text-decoration-color:color-mix(in srgb,currentColor 45%,transparent)}
:root:root body.ed main a:hover{text-decoration-color:currentColor}
html:has(body.ed){scroll-padding-top:96px}
:root:root body.ed .e-kicker,:root:root body.ed main .kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;font:500 var(--e-t-micro)/1.3 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.04em;color:var(--e-faint);font-stretch:105%;text-transform:none;margin:0 0 18px}
:root:root body.ed .e-h2,:root:root body.ed main .e-blk>h2,:root:root body.ed main .studio-head h2{font:400 var(--e-t-h2)/1.02 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.016em;color:var(--e-ink);margin:0;max-width:16ch}
:root:root body.ed .e-h3{font:400 var(--e-t-h3)/1.1 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.01em;color:var(--e-ink);margin:0}
:root:root body.ed main .block-intro,:root:root body.ed main .studio-scenario,:root:root body.ed .e-lede{margin:24px 0 0;max-width:40rem;color:var(--e-muted);font-size:var(--e-t-body);line-height:1.64}
:root:root body.ed main .basis{margin:20px 0 0;font-size:var(--e-t-small);line-height:1.55;color:var(--e-muted);max-width:44rem}
:root:root body.ed main .mini-label{display:block;font:500 11.5px/1 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--e-faint);margin:0 0 8px}
.e-go,:root:root body.ed main .button-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.55em;color:var(--e-ink)!important;text-decoration:none!important;font:500 var(--e-t-small)/1.4 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.01em;padding:6px 0;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--e-ink),var(--e-ink)) 0 100%/100% 1px no-repeat;border:0;border-radius:0}
.e-go::after{content:"→";transition:transform .5s var(--e-ease)}
.e-go:hover::after{transform:translateX(4px)}

/* reveal rhythm: one distance (28px), one range */
.motion .ed .rv{opacity:0;transform:translateY(28px)}
.motion .ed .rv.in{opacity:1;transform:none;transition:opacity 1s var(--e-ease),transform 1.2s var(--e-ease)}
.motion .ed .rv.d1.in{transition-delay:.08s}.motion .ed .rv.d2.in{transition-delay:.16s}.motion .ed .rv.d3.in{transition-delay:.24s}

/* ----- article header */
.e-head{padding-top:clamp(40px,6vw,96px)}
:root:root body.ed .e-crumbs{grid-column:1/-1;font-size:var(--e-t-small);color:var(--e-muted);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;align-items:center;margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-crumbs a{color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root body.ed .e-head .e-kicker{grid-column:1/-1;margin:clamp(28px,4vw,56px) 0 0}
:root:root body.ed .e-head h1{grid-column:1/11;margin:clamp(28px,4vw,56px) 0 0;font:400 clamp(46px,7.4vw,118px)/.96 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.022em;color:var(--e-ink);text-wrap:balance}
:root:root body.ed .e-head .e-kicker+h1{margin-top:18px}
:root:root body.ed .e-head .e-dek{grid-column:1/8;margin:28px 0 0;font:italic 400 clamp(24px,2.4vw,36px)/1.22 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-muted);padding-right:.15em}
.e-head .e-intro{grid-column:1/7;margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}
:root:root body.ed .e-head .e-intro p{margin:0}
.e-head .e-status{grid-column:9/13;margin-top:var(--e-s-5);align-self:start}
:root:root body.ed .e-status .review-notice{all:unset;display:block;position:relative;font:400 var(--e-t-small)/1.55 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-muted);padding-left:20px;border-left:1px solid var(--e-metal-3)}
.e-status .e-glint{position:absolute;left:-9px;top:-6px;width:18px;height:24px}
:root:root body.ed .e-status .review-kicker{display:block;margin:0 0 10px;color:var(--e-ink);font:500 var(--e-t-small)/1.4 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.03em;text-transform:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-status p{margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-status p+p{margin-top:10px}
:root:root body.ed .e-status strong{font-weight:400;color:var(--e-faint)}
:root:root body.ed .e-facts{grid-column:1/-1;margin:var(--e-s-5) 0 0;padding:20px 0 0;list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 32px;font-size:var(--e-t-small);color:var(--e-muted);border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
.e-facts strong{font-weight:500;color:var(--e-ink)}
@media (max-width:900px){.e-head .e-status{margin-top:var(--e-s-4)}}

/* ----- article body: index and column */
.e-art{padding-top:var(--e-s-6)}
.e-toc{grid-column:1/3;align-self:start;position:sticky;top:110px;font:400 13.5px/1.4 var(--e-sans)}
:root:root body.ed .e-toc p{color:var(--e-faint);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.04em;margin:0 0 12px}
:root:root body.ed .e-toc a{display:block;padding:6px 0 6px 14px;color:var(--e-muted);text-decoration:none;border-left:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
:root:root body.ed .e-toc a:hover{color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-toc a[aria-current="true"]{color:var(--e-ink);border-left:2px solid var(--e-ink);padding-left:13px;box-shadow:-3px 0 10px -4px var(--e-glint-ink-halo)}
.e-body{grid-column:4/13}
@media (max-width:1100px){
  .e-toc{grid-column:1/-1;position:static;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px 18px;padding-bottom:28px;margin-bottom:var(--e-s-5);border-bottom:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
  .e-toc p{flex-basis:100%;margin-bottom:4px}
  :root:root body.ed .e-toc a,:root:root body.ed .e-toc a[aria-current="true"]{border:0;padding:6px 0;box-shadow:none}
  .e-body{grid-column:1/-1}
}
body.ed main .e-blk{padding:0 0 var(--e-s-7);margin:0;scroll-margin-top:96px;border:0;background:none}

/* ----- the spectrum: stops on one axis, a glint travels along it */
.e-axis{position:relative;margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}
.e-ends{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font:500 var(--e-t-micro)/1 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--e-faint)}
.e-line{position:relative;height:1px;margin:16px 0 0;background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--e-metal-2),var(--e-metal-4))}
.e-line .e-bead{position:absolute;top:0;left:calc(var(--e-ap,0) * 100%);width:24px;height:32px;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);color:var(--e-glint);filter:drop-shadow(0 0 8px var(--e-glint-halo)) drop-shadow(0 0 1px var(--e-metal-4))}
.e-line .e-bead svg{width:100%;height:100%;display:block}
.e-scroller{position:relative}
:root:root body.ed .e-stops{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--n),minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px}
.e-axis.no-axis .e-stops{border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule-strong)}
.e-stop{padding-top:22px;position:relative;min-width:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.e-stop .e-shot{margin-top:auto!important}
.e-stop ul{margin-bottom:16px!important}
.e-stop::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:-4px;left:0;width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--e-paper);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--e-metal-4)}
.e-stop.apart{padding-left:14px;border-left:1px dashed var(--e-rule-strong)}
.e-stop.apart::before{left:14px}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop>b{display:block;font:400 13px/1 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-faint);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop h3{font:400 23px/1.08 var(--e-serif);margin:10px 0 0;min-height:2.2em;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop h3 a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px}
.e-stop .e-st{display:block;font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.3;color:var(--e-faint);margin-top:8px}
.e-stop.k-omit h3{text-decoration:line-through;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-color:var(--e-metal-3)}
.e-stop.k-warning .e-st{color:var(--e-warn)}
.e-stop.k-warning .e-st::before{content:"";display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;margin-right:6px;transform:rotate(45deg) translateY(-1px);border:1px solid currentColor}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop ul{list-style:none;margin:12px 0 0;padding:0;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.45;color:var(--e-muted)}
.e-stop li+li{margin-top:6px}
:root:root body.ed .e-stop .e-shot{display:block;margin-top:16px;border-radius:14px;padding:4px;max-width:150px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--e-metal-2),var(--e-metal-0) 45%,var(--e-metal-3) 70%,var(--e-metal-2));box-shadow:0 14px 30px -20px rgba(15,37,55,.45)}
.e-stop .e-shot img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:10px}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .ed .e-stop .e-shot{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#2b4359,#8fb0cb 45%,#43607a 70%,#2b4359)}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .ed .e-stop .e-shot{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#2b4359,#8fb0cb 45%,#43607a 70%,#2b4359)}}
:root:root body.ed .e-glance-note{margin-top:20px}
/* many stops, or a narrower column: the row scrolls sideways */
.e-axis.many .e-scroller,.e-axis.many .e-ends{min-width:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-axis.many .e-stops{display:flex;overflow-x:auto;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;gap:28px;padding-bottom:12px}
.e-axis.many .e-stop{flex:0 0 170px;scroll-snap-align:start}
@media (max-width:1260px){
  :root:root body.ed .e-stops{display:flex;overflow-x:auto;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;gap:28px;padding-bottom:12px;margin-right:calc(-1 * var(--e-gutter));padding-right:var(--e-gutter)}
  .e-stop{flex:0 0 min(62vw,210px);scroll-snap-align:start}
  .e-line{margin-right:calc(-1 * var(--e-gutter))}
}

/* ----- Try it: the working example keeps its own interface; only its frame changes */
:root:root body.ed .studio{background:none;border:0;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 var(--e-s-7);scroll-margin-top:96px}
:root:root body.ed .studio-head{max-width:none;margin:0 0 var(--e-s-5)}
:root:root body.ed .studio-body{padding-top:28px;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
:root:root body.ed .studio-panel h3{font:400 var(--e-t-h3)/1.1 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.01em;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .studio-panel .panel-origin{color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root body.ed .studio-panel .panel-try,:root:root body.ed .studio-panel .gain,:root:root body.ed .studio-panel .cost,:root:root body.ed .studio-panel .panel-ask{background:none;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;padding:14px 0 0;margin-top:14px;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .studio .picker-viewport{border-radius:30px;border:0;padding:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 7px var(--e-metal-2),0 0 0 8px var(--e-metal-3),0 30px 60px -30px rgba(15,37,55,.45)}
:root:root body.ed .studio-foot{margin:28px 0 0;padding:18px 0;background:none;border:0;border-top:1px dashed var(--e-rule-strong);border-bottom:1px dashed var(--e-rule-strong);border-radius:0}
:root:root body.ed .studio-foot p{color:var(--e-faint)}
@media (min-width:1101px) and (max-width:1439px){
  :root:root body.ed .studio-body{grid-template-columns:240px minmax(0,390px);grid-template-areas:"rail device" "panels panels";justify-content:start}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-rail{grid-area:rail;display:block}.ed .studio-device{grid-area:device}.ed .studio-panels{grid-area:panels;display:block}
  :root:root body.ed .rail-tabs{flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:24px;padding-top:8px}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-panel[hidden]{display:none}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-panel>*{grid-column:1}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-panel>.tradeoff,:root:root body.ed .studio-panel>.panel-ask{grid-column:2}
  :root:root body.ed .studio-panel>.tradeoff{grid-row:1/span 4}
}
@media (min-width:1440px){:root:root body.ed .studio-body{grid-template-columns:220px 390px minmax(0,1fr);gap:28px}}
@media (max-width:820px){:root:root body.ed .studio{margin-inline:0;overflow:visible}}

/* ----- takeaways: numbered, metal numerals, links in the margin */
:root:root body.ed .e-takeaways{list-style:none;margin:var(--e-s-5) 0 0;padding:0}
.e-tk{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,5rem) minmax(0,var(--e-measure)) minmax(0,13rem);gap:clamp(16px,3vw,48px);padding-block:32px;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
.e-tk .e-n{font:400 46px/.9 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-metal-3)}
:root:root body.ed .e-tk h3{font:400 clamp(26px,2.3vw,34px)/1.1 var(--e-serif);margin:0;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-tk p{margin:12px 0 0;color:var(--e-muted)}
.e-tk aside{font-size:var(--e-t-small);padding-top:8px}
@media (max-width:900px){.e-tk{grid-template-columns:3.2rem minmax(0,1fr)}.e-tk aside{grid-column:2;padding-top:0}}
/* metal type: a brushed blue-silver fill whose highlight moves with scroll */
.e-metal{background:linear-gradient(100deg,var(--e-metal-4) 0,var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 16%),#c3d2df calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 2%),#dfe8f0 calc(var(--e-p) * 100%),#c3d2df calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 3%),var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 18%),var(--e-metal-4) 100%);
  background-color:var(--e-metal-3);-webkit-background-clip:text;background-clip:text;color:transparent!important}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .e-metal{background-image:linear-gradient(100deg,var(--e-metal-3) 0,var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 22%),var(--e-metal-4) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 4%),#fff calc(var(--e-p) * 100%),var(--e-metal-4) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 6%),var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 24%),var(--e-metal-3) 100%)}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .e-metal{background-image:linear-gradient(100deg,var(--e-metal-3) 0,var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 22%),var(--e-metal-4) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% - 4%),#fff calc(var(--e-p) * 100%),var(--e-metal-4) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 6%),var(--e-metal-3) calc(var(--e-p) * 100% + 24%),var(--e-metal-3) 100%)}}

/* ----- use cases: the matrix as a quiet table with dots */
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix-wrap{margin-top:var(--e-s-5);border:0;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font:400 14px/1.4 var(--e-sans);background:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix th,:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td{padding:14px 10px;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--e-rule);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:none;color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix thead th{font-weight:500;color:var(--e-faint);font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.02em;vertical-align:bottom;text-transform:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix thead th span{display:block;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix tbody th{font:400 19px/1.2 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);min-width:10rem}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td.m-need{font-size:13px;color:var(--e-muted);min-width:10rem}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td.m-fit{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td.m-fit>span[aria-hidden]{display:inline-block;width:12px;height:12px;border-radius:50%;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px var(--e-metal-4);font-size:0;line-height:0;color:transparent;vertical-align:middle}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td.m-fit[data-fit="2"]>span[aria-hidden]{background:var(--e-ink);box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix td.m-fit[data-fit="1"]>span[aria-hidden]{background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--e-ink) 50%,transparent 50%)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .matrix-key{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px;margin-top:16px;font-size:13px;color:var(--e-muted)}

/* ----- research: items with their sources in a margin column */
.e-research{margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}
.e-rgroup+.e-rgroup{margin-top:var(--e-s-6)}
.e-rgroup>.e-kicker{margin-bottom:6px}
.e-rgroup>h3{margin-bottom:20px}
:root:root body.ed .e-rlist{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.e-ritem{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,var(--e-measure)) minmax(0,15rem);gap:clamp(32px,5vw,80px);padding-block:22px;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
:root:root body.ed .e-ritem h4{font:500 17px/1.35 var(--e-sans);margin:0;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-ritem p{margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--e-muted)}
.e-ritem aside{font-size:13px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--e-faint);padding-top:3px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;align-items:flex-start}
:root:root body.ed .e-ritem .cite{color:var(--e-faint);display:inline-flex;gap:8px;align-items:baseline;background:none;border:0;padding:0;font-size:13px}
:root:root body.ed .e-ritem .cite-kind{display:inline-block;min-width:1.4em;font:500 10.5px/1 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--e-faint);border:1px solid var(--e-rule-strong);border-radius:999px;padding:3px 5px;text-align:center;background:none}
@media (max-width:900px){.e-ritem{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}}

/* ----- which fits, three ways, pulls against: ruled rows instead of cards */
:root:root body.ed .e-fits,:root:root body.ed .e-blk .ways-list,:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pulls{list-style:none;margin:var(--e-s-5) 0 0;padding:0;display:block}
:root:root body.ed .e-fits li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1.2fr);gap:clamp(20px,4vw,64px);padding:22px 0;margin:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-fit-if{font:400 22px/1.25 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-fit-then{color:var(--e-muted);margin:0;font-size:var(--e-t-body)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .ways-list li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1.2fr);gap:clamp(20px,4vw,64px);padding:22px 0;margin:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .way-name{font:400 22px/1.25 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);margin:0;text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .way-name span{display:block;margin-top:6px;font:500 11.5px/1 var(--e-sans);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--e-faint)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .ways-list li>p:not(.way-name){color:var(--e-muted);margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pulls>li{padding:28px 0;margin:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;max-width:52rem}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pulls h3{font:400 clamp(24px,2.1vw,30px)/1.12 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);margin:0 0 14px}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pulls p{color:var(--e-muted);margin:12px 0 0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pull-pages{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1.4fr);gap:20px;font-size:var(--e-t-small)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pull-hold{padding-left:16px;border-left:1px solid var(--e-metal-3);color:var(--e-ink)!important}
@media (max-width:700px){:root:root body.ed .e-fits li,:root:root body.ed .e-blk .ways-list li,:root:root body.ed .e-blk .pull-pages{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:6px}}

/* ----- examples in real apps: screenshots stay as captured; the cards become plain entries */
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:var(--e-col-gap);margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .example-card{display:block;background:none;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-ink);border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;padding:18px 0 0;color:var(--e-ink);text-decoration:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .example-card img{width:100%;height:260px;object-fit:contain;object-position:left top;background:none;border:0;margin:0 0 16px}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .example-card .num{display:block;font:400 12.5px/1.4 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-faint);text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .example-card h3{font:400 22px/1.15 var(--e-serif);margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--e-ink)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .example-card p{font-size:13px;color:var(--e-muted);margin:8px 0 0}

/* ----- theological reflection */
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,var(--e-measure));gap:0;margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-item{background:none;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;padding:28px 0;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-item h3{font:400 var(--e-t-h3)/1.1 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);margin:0 0 16px}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-item p{color:var(--e-ink);margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-item p+p{margin-top:1em}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-voices{margin-top:12px;padding:20px 0 0 20px;border:0;border-left:1px solid var(--e-metal-3);background:none;border-radius:0;max-width:30rem;font-size:var(--e-t-small);color:var(--e-muted)}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-voices h3{font:500 var(--e-t-small)/1.4 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-ink);margin:0 0 8px}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-voices ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk .reflect-voices li+li{margin-top:10px}
@media (min-width:1260px){:root:root body.ed .e-blk.reflection{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,var(--e-measure)) minmax(0,15rem);column-gap:clamp(32px,5vw,80px);align-items:start}
  :root:root body.ed .e-blk.reflection>*{grid-column:1/-1}
  :root:root body.ed .e-blk.reflection>.reflect-grid{grid-column:1}
  :root:root body.ed .e-blk.reflection>.reflect-voices{grid-column:2;grid-row:3;margin-top:var(--e-s-5)}}

/* ----- decide */
:root:root body.ed main .e-fits li::after{content:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-decide-q{font:400 clamp(30px,3.2vw,48px)/1.1 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.01em;color:var(--e-ink);max-width:26ch;margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-exercise{margin-top:var(--e-s-4);max-width:var(--e-measure);background:none;border:0;padding:0;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none}
:root:root body.ed .e-exercise p{color:var(--e-muted);margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-exercise .mini-label{margin-bottom:10px}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk.e-decide>p:not(.e-decide-q):not(.basis){margin:18px 0 0}
:root:root body.ed .e-blk.e-decide .button-link::after{content:none}

/* ----- the closing line, pinned and lit word by word */
.e-lit{position:relative}
.e-lit-stage{min-height:0;display:grid;align-items:center;position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding-block:var(--e-s-6)}
.motion .e-lit{height:200svh}
.motion .e-lit-stage{position:sticky;top:0;height:100svh;min-height:0;padding:0}
:root:root body.ed .e-statement{grid-column:2/12;position:relative;z-index:2;margin:0;font:400 var(--e-t-statement)/1.0 var(--e-serif);letter-spacing:-.018em;color:var(--e-ink);text-wrap:balance}
.e-lit .w{color:var(--e-ink);transition:color .5s linear}
.motion .e-lit .w{color:var(--e-unlit)}
.motion .e-lit .w.on{color:var(--e-ink)}
.e-shafts{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:1;pointer-events:none;opacity:0}
.motion .e-shafts{opacity:1}
.e-shafts i{position:absolute;top:-20%;bottom:-20%;width:16vw;transform:translateX(calc(-45vw + var(--e-sp) * 150vw)) skewX(-18deg);
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--e-shaft-edge),var(--e-shaft) 30%,var(--e-shaft) 70%,var(--e-shaft-edge))}
.e-shafts i+i{width:7vw;margin-left:21vw}

/* ----- go further and related */
.e-after{padding-top:var(--e-s-6);padding-bottom:var(--e-s-6)}
body.ed main .e-after .e-blk{padding-bottom:var(--e-s-6)}
:root:root body.ed .depth details{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-rule);border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:56rem}
:root:root body.ed .depth details:last-of-type{border-bottom:1px solid var(--e-rule)}
:root:root body.ed .depth summary{font:400 clamp(22px,1.9vw,28px)/1.2 var(--e-serif);color:var(--e-ink);padding:20px 40px 20px 0;cursor:pointer;position:relative;list-style:none}
:root:root body.ed .depth summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
:root:root body.ed .depth summary::after{content:"+";position:absolute;right:0;top:20px;font:300 24px/1 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-faint)}
:root:root body.ed .depth details[open] summary::after{content:"−"}
:root:root body.ed .depth .prose{color:var(--e-muted);padding-bottom:28px}
:root:root body.ed .depth .prose h3{font:500 17px/1.35 var(--e-sans);color:var(--e-ink);margin:24px 0 8px}
:root:root body.ed .depth .prose p,:root:root body.ed .depth .prose li{font-size:16px;line-height:1.65}
:root:root body.ed .depth .sources small{color:var(--e-faint)}
:root:root body.ed .related ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:var(--e-s-4) 0 0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 var(--e-col-gap)}
:root:root body.ed .related li{margin:0}
:root:root body.ed .related a{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding:18px 0 22px;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--e-ink);border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;color:var(--e-ink);text-decoration:none;font:400 24px/1.15 var(--e-serif)}
:root:root body.ed .related a span{font-family:var(--e-sans);font-size:16px;color:var(--e-faint)}
@media (max-width:900px){:root:root body.ed .related ul{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* ===================================================================== scroll-driven light (Chromium); editorial.js sets the same numbers otherwise */
@supports (animation-timeline:view()){
  .motion.sda .ed .rv,.motion.sda .ed .rv.in{opacity:1;transform:none;transition:none;animation:e-rv linear both;animation-timeline:view();animation-range:entry 0% entry 55%}
  .motion.sda .ed .rv.d1{animation-range:entry 6% entry 61%}.motion.sda .ed .rv.d2{animation-range:entry 12% entry 67%}.motion.sda .ed .rv.d3{animation-range:entry 18% entry 73%}
  @keyframes e-rv{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(28px)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}
  .motion.sda .e-line{animation:e-axis linear both;animation-timeline:view();animation-range:cover 25% cover 75%}
  @keyframes e-axis{from{--e-ap:0}to{--e-ap:1}}
  .motion.sda .e-progress i{animation:e-read linear both;animation-timeline:scroll(root)}
  @keyframes e-read{from{--e-read:0}to{--e-read:1}}
  .motion.sda .e-metal{animation:e-sheen linear both;animation-timeline:view();animation-range:cover 10% cover 90%}
  @keyframes e-sheen{from{--e-p:.08}to{--e-p:.92}}
  .motion.sda .e-lit{view-timeline:--e-lit block}
  .motion.sda .e-lit-stage{animation:e-shaft linear both;animation-timeline:--e-lit;animation-range:contain 0% contain 100%}
  @keyframes e-shaft{from{--e-sp:0}to{--e-sp:1}}
  .motion.sda .e-lit .w{animation:e-wl linear both;animation-timeline:--e-lit;
    animation-range:contain calc(var(--w0,6%) + var(--i) * var(--step)) contain calc(var(--w0,6%) + (var(--i) + 1.6) * var(--step))}
  @keyframes e-wl{from{color:var(--e-unlit)}to{color:var(--e-ink)}}
}
/* without motion, the bead rests at the wide end and the metal highlight in the middle */
html:not(.motion) .e-line .e-bead{left:100%}

/* ===================================================================== reduced motion: everything readable and still */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  :root:root body.ed *,:root:root body.ed *::before,:root:root body.ed *::after,.e-mast *,.e-mast *::after{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}
}
@media print{.e-mast,.e-subnav,.e-toc,.e-shafts{display:none!important}.motion .e-lit{height:auto}.motion .e-lit-stage{position:static;height:auto}}

/* theme switch: a moon in light mode (switch to dark), a sun in dark mode */
:root:root .e-theme-btn{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;width:32px;height:32px;padding:0;border-radius:999px}
:root:root .e-theme-btn svg{width:18px;height:18px;display:block}
:root:root .e-theme-btn .i-sun,:root:root .e-theme-btn[data-mode="dark"] .i-moon{display:none}
:root:root .e-theme-btn[data-mode="dark"] .i-sun{display:block}
:root:root .e-theme-btn:hover{color:var(--e-ink);background:var(--e-paper-lo)}