Missional by Design · Essay

On Which Rock Are We Building?

AI, spiritual formation and the calling of Christian technologists.

We have learned to make rocks answer us. Refined silicon, intricate circuits and the work of many people make possible systems that explain a passage, translate a prayer or help someone put a difficult question into words. There is much here to welcome. Making knowledge accessible, removing barriers and opening up new forms of service are worthy uses of our creativity.

But the ability to answer invites a different kind of question. What authority do we give the answer? Where do we turn for security, wisdom and hope? And, as builders, what are we inviting other people to trust?

A foundation we do not manufacture

Psalm 18 names God as rock, refuge and deliverer. In Matthew 7:24–27, Jesus connects a firm foundation with hearing his words and putting them into practice. These images concern the orientation of a life. A Christian name, an accurate Bible quotation or an impressive product does not settle that question for us.

Isaiah 44:9–20 exposes the absurdity of looking to something we have made for salvation. AI is useful in ways a carved idol is not. Relying on a useful tool within its limits is ordinary and often wise. The danger comes when we transfer authority, hope or dependence to it that it cannot rightly carry. Its usefulness can make that transfer harder to notice.

We also need care with the language of creating machines in our image. Human dignity as God's image-bearers cannot be reduced to intelligence or fluency. A system's convincing words do not establish divine wisdom, spiritual authority or a relationship of human care.

We design invitations to trust

This is more than a private concern about our own use of AI. We shape the encounters through which other people meet it. A confident voice, a remembered disclosure, an unsolicited reassurance or a suggestion to continue can invite more trust than a system deserves.

Barna's May 2026 report found that 34% of practicing Christians surveyed in the United States agreed that spiritual advice from AI was as trustworthy as advice from a pastor. That is equal trust, not greater trust. The same report records substantial concern about AI misinterpreting Scripture and replacing spiritual leaders. These reported attitudes reveal a tension; they do not establish that people have replaced their pastors or that AI supports spiritual growth. Read the research and its limits.

That tension asks something of our design. Giving people a disclaimer while the rest of an experience encourages unquestioning reliance is an inadequate response. The words, defaults, sources and next steps need to express the limits too.

Responsibility toward God, the church and our neighbors

Toward God

Our tools can help people read, ask, compare and reflect. They should identify generated interpretation, keep Scripture distinct from commentary and make the relevant passage and sources easy to examine. A persona should not claim that its output is God's personal message to someone. Making room for uncertainty can be an act of honesty and care.

Toward the church

Faith is lived with others through worship, service, disagreement, forgiveness and mutual responsibility. A product can help someone prepare a question for a trusted person, participate across a language barrier or find an accessible way into community. It should recognize the limits of a private conversation with a system. Human support must also be chosen with care: a particular leader or institution may be unavailable or unsafe, and referrals must respect the person's circumstances and agency.

Toward our neighbors

People bring loneliness, grief and searching to these experiences. That openness calls for restraint in what we ask for and promise. Avoid simulated neediness, guilt when someone leaves and invitations to make a system their exclusive confidant. Offer control over reminders and personal information. Make an ending possible without penalty.

These are proposed design commitments, not claims that any interface can produce faith or guarantee good outcomes. They need practical scrutiny with the people affected, including those whose needs are easy to overlook.

What would we celebrate?

Consider a reading plan after a difficult month. We could lead with the days missed. We could offer a welcoming restart, a short passage and a choice of rhythm. The question is what helps this person return to a meaningful practice. Counting another session cannot answer it alone.

Or consider a spiritual question at the end of an AI conversation. Another follow-up might help. So might a moment to read the passage without commentary, reflect in silence or take a question to someone who knows the person. An experience can end well.

This is where the idea of graduation matters. Someone may develop a practice they can carry without a particular scaffold. We should be able to celebrate that. Graduation is a freedom, not a demand to stop using technology. An audio Bible, assistive interface or translation tool may remain valuable for years. Continued use is not failure; reduced use is not proof of spiritual maturity.

The spirit of zenware is useful here: a bounded tool can offer real value without continually pulling us back. For a formation product, that invites questions about understanding, agency and life beyond the screen. Research should ask whether people found the support helpful, whether they could question it and whether they felt free to leave. It should not turn faith into a score or claim to measure God's work.

More room for faithful invention

Industry practices offer much to learn from. Good usability, reliable systems, accessibility and thoughtful reminders can serve people well. Each practice still needs examination in this context. Retention may help us understand whether a tool is useful; maximizing it cannot decide what the tool is for.

The same question reaches beyond apps. As a neighborhood changes, a church may need to listen again and reshape familiar work. A team may have to retire a successful program or product feature because it no longer serves its purpose. What really is the good news in our context, and what form should our service take now?

This is an invitation to bring our full imagination and skill to the work. We can build beautiful, capable tools that strengthen people's discernment and relationships, and leave room for possibilities we have not yet tried.

Our foundation does not depend on making ourselves indispensable. The work is ours to undertake faithfully; the growth is God's to give (1 Corinthians 3:5–9). That gives us reason to build with ambition, humility and joy—and to welcome the moment when our work helps someone turn beyond it.